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The Phillips curve is an economic model, named after Bill Phillips, that correlates reduced unemployment with increasing wages in an economy. [1] While Phillips did not directly link employment and inflation , this was a trivial deduction from his statistical findings.
Alban William Housego "A. W." "Bill" Phillips, MBE (18 November 1914 – 4 March 1975) [1] was a New Zealand economist who spent most of his academic career as a professor of economics at the London School of Economics (LSE). He invented the Phillips curve relating level of employment and inflation in 1958.
Milton Friedman argued that a natural rate of inflation followed from the Phillips curve.This showed wages tend to rise when unemployment is low. Friedman argued that inflation was the same as wage rises, and built his argument upon a widely believed idea, that a stable negative relation between inflation and unemployment existed. [11]
The New Keynesian Phillips curve was originally derived by Roberts in 1995, [48] and has since been used in most state-of-the-art New Keynesian DSGE models. [49] The new Keynesian Phillips curve says that this period's inflation depends on current output and the expectations of next period's inflation.
In macroeconomics, the triangle model employed by new Keynesian economics is a model of inflation derived from the Phillips Curve and given its name by Robert J. Gordon.The model views inflation as having three root causes: built-in inflation, demand-pull inflation, and cost-push inflation. [1]
High and the persistent unemployment, in which economic inequality increases, has a negative effect on subsequent long-run economic growth. Unemployment can harm growth because it is a waste of resources; generates redistributive pressures and subsequent distortions; drives people to poverty; constrains liquidity limiting labor mobility; and ...
Phillips Curve before and after Expansionary Policy, with Long-Run Phillips Curve In an effort to avoid the normative connotations of the word "natural," James Tobin (following the lead of Franco Modigliani), introduced the term the “ N on- A ccelerating I nflation R ate of U nemployment” (NAIRU), which corresponds to the situation where ...
It tells economists, primarily, how not to do economic analyses. The Lucas critique suggests that if we want to predict the effect of a policy experiment, we should model the "deep parameters" (relating to preferences , technology , and resource constraints ) that are assumed to govern individual behavior: so-called " microfoundations ."