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  2. Thermally modified wood - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermally_modified_wood

    The Thermo wood process consists of drying, heat treatment and finally cooling/conditioning, and takes up to 72 hours. [4] The Plato process consists of hydrothermolysis, dry curing and conditioning, and can take up to 7 days.

  3. Wood preservation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_preservation

    These processes autoclave the treated wood, subjecting it to pressure and heat, along with nitrogen or water vapour to control drying in a staged treatment process ranging from 24 to 48 hours at temperatures of 180 °C to 230 °C depending on timber species. These processes increase the durability, dimensional stability and hardness of the ...

  4. ISPM 15 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISPM_15

    A photo of the IPPC seal on a wine shipping crate. International Standards For Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15) is an International Phytosanitary Measure developed by the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) that directly addresses the need to treat wood materials of a thickness greater than 6mm, used to ship products between countries.

  5. Torrefaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrefaction

    Torrefaction is a thermochemical treatment of biomass at 200 to 320 °C (392 to 608 °F). It is carried out under atmospheric pressure and in the absence of oxygen.During the torrefaction process, the water contained in the biomass as well as superfluous volatiles are released, and the biopolymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) partly decompose, giving off various types of volatiles. [4]

  6. Wood drying - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_drying

    Wood drying (also seasoning lumber or wood seasoning) reduces the moisture content of wood before its use. When the drying is done in a kiln, the product is known as kiln-dried timber or lumber, whereas air drying is the more traditional method. There are two main reasons for drying wood: Woodworking

  7. Heat treating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_treating

    Heat treating furnace at 1,800 °F (980 °C) Heat treating (or heat treatment) is a group of industrial, thermal and metalworking processes used to alter the physical, and sometimes chemical, properties of a material. The most common application is metallurgical.

  8. Pyrolysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrolysis

    The process is used heavily in the chemical industry, for example, to produce ethylene, many forms of carbon, and other chemicals from petroleum, coal, and even wood, or to produce coke from coal. It is used also in the conversion of natural gas (primarily methane ) into hydrogen gas and solid carbon char, recently introduced on an industrial ...

  9. Impregnation resin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impregnation_resin

    The impregnation of resins into wood substrate involves a vacuum treatment process that disperses a monomer solution throughout the finer structures inside of the wood. Polymerization of the resin is accomplished by curing with heat, setting the impregnation resin into a solid substance state.

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