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Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. In humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C). Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin ...
Vitamin B 12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism. [2] It is one of eight B vitamins . It is required by animals, which use it as a cofactor in DNA synthesis , and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism . [ 3 ]
Biotin is a water-soluble B vitamin. Consumption of large amounts as a dietary supplement results in absorption, followed by excretion into urine as biotin. Consumption of biotin as part of a normal diet results in urinary excretion of biotin and biotin metabolites. [4]
Vitamin B 6 Drug class Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the metabolically active form of vitamin B 6 Class identifiers Use Vitamin B 6 deficiency ATC code A11H Biological target enzyme cofactor Clinical data Drugs.com International Drug Names External links MeSH D025101 Legal status In Wikidata Vitamin B 6 is one of the B vitamins, and is an essential nutrient for humans. The term essential nutrient ...
Pantothenic acid is a water-soluble vitamin, one of the B vitamins. It is synthesized from the amino acid β-alanine and pantoic acid (see biosynthesis and structure of coenzyme A figures). Unlike vitamin E or vitamin K , which occurs in several chemically related forms known as vitamers , pantothenic acid is only one chemical compound.
Biotin. This B vitamin is an ingredient in many different hair supplements—for good reason. “Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that supports the growth of hair, skin, and nails by helping to ...
Thiamine was the first of the water-soluble vitamins to be isolated. [72] The earliest observations in humans and in chickens had shown that diets of primarily polished white rice caused beriberi, but did not attribute it to the absence of a previously unknown essential nutrient. [73] [74]
This colorless, water-soluble solid is a derivative of pyridine, with a carboxyl group (COOH) at the 3-position. [21] Other forms of vitamin B 3 include the corresponding amide nicotinamide, where the carboxyl group has been replaced by a carboxamide group (CONH 2). [21]