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2. Design by contract - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_by_contract

   Design by contract (DbC), also known as contract programming, programming by contract and design-by-contract programming, is an approach for designing software. It prescribes that software designers should define formal , precise and verifiable interface specifications for software components , which extend the ordinary definition of abstract ...

3. Interface-based programming - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface-based_programming

   An interface can therefore be viewed as a "contractual agreement" – between a provider and a consumer of the interface. If this contract is documented more formally as a software specification, this is an example of design by contract. However, design by contract per se does not mandate the use of interfaces for all components.

4. Bertrand Meyer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_Meyer

   The concept of Design by Contract, highly influential as a design and programming methodology concept and a language mechanism present in such languages as the Java Modeling Language, Spec#, the UML's Object Constraint Language and Microsoft's Code Contracts. The design of the Eiffel language, applicable to programming as well as design and ...

5. Eiffel (programming language) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiffel_(programming_language)

   The design of the language is closely connected with the Eiffel programming method. Both are based on a set of principles, including design by contract, command–query separation, the uniform-access principle, the single-choice principle, the open–closed principle, and option–operand separation.

6. Precondition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precondition

   Preconditions in object-oriented software development are an essential part of design by contract. Design by contract also includes notions of postcondition and class invariant. The precondition for any routine defines any constraints on object state which are necessary for successful execution. From the program developer's viewpoint, this ...

7. Command–query separation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command–query_separation

   Command-query separation is particularly well suited to a design by contract (DbC) methodology, in which the design of a program is expressed as assertions embedded in the source code, describing the state of the program at certain critical times. In DbC, assertions are considered design annotations—not program logic—and as such, their ...