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Phenobarbital, also known as phenobarbitone or phenobarb, sold under the brand name Luminal among others, is a medication of the barbiturate type. [6] It is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment of certain types of epilepsy in developing countries . [ 8 ]
Luminal (phenobarbital) – a barbiturate with sedative and hypnotic properties; R. Remeron (mirtazapine) – an atypical antidepressant, used off-label as a sleep aid;
Barbiturates, such as phenobarbital, were long used as anxiolytics and hypnotics. Intermediate-acting barbiturates reduce time to fall asleep, increase total sleep time, and reduce REM sleep time. Today they have been largely replaced by benzodiazepines for these purposes because the latter are less toxic in drug overdose.
Typical applications for pentobarbital are sedative, short term hypnotic, preanesthetic, insomnia treatment, and control of convulsions in emergencies. [3] Abbott Pharmaceutical discontinued manufacture of their Nembutal brand of Pentobarbital capsules in 1999, largely replaced by the benzodiazepine family of drugs.
Tedral is also composed of phenobarbital, therefore, it is contraindicated for individuals with: [8] [5] [20] Hypersensitivity to phenobarbital, barbiturates or any component of the formulation. A history/manifest or latent porphyria; Liver impairment; Nephritic syndrome (at high dose) A history of sedative-hypnotic drug addiction
Phenobarbital was first used in 1912 for both its sedative and antiepileptic properties. By the 1930s, the development of animal models in epilepsy research led to the development of phenytoin by Tracy Putnam and H. Houston Merritt , which had the distinct advantage of treating epileptic seizures with less sedation. [ 44 ]
Corvalol. Corvalol (Корвалол, Corvalolum, Korvalol) is a tranquilizer based on the herb valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root, as well peppermint oil Mentha piperita and hop extract Humulus lupulus and the barbiturate phenobarbital, popular in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union as a heart medication.
Methylphenobarbital (), also known as mephobarbital (USAN, JAN) and mephobarbitone (), marketed under brand names such as Mebaral, Mephyltaletten, Phemiton, and Prominal, is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative and is used primarily as an anticonvulsant, [2] but also as a sedative and anxiolytic.