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The Sort/Merge utility is a mainframe program to sort records in a file into a specified order, merge pre-sorted files into a sorted file, or copy selected records. Internally, these utilities use one or more of the standard sorting algorithms , often with proprietary fine-tuned code.
The operation of SORT is directed by control statements, which are largely compatible among various IBM and third-party sort programs. The SORT or MERGE statement defines the sort keys— the fields on which the data is to be sorted or merged. This statement identifies the position, length, and data type of each key.
ASA control characters, see ASA carriage control characters. IBM Machine control characters. Described in this article. The attribute for specifying the presence of print control characters is part of the Record Format (aka RECFM) attribute must therefore allow for two variants: RECFM=..A specifies that the data set contains ASA control characters.
In IBM terminology, the low-order four bits of a byte in storage are called the digit, and the high-order four bits are the zone. [4] The digit bits contain the numeric value 0–9. The zone bits contain either 'F'x, forming the characters 0–9, or the character position containing the overpunch contains a hexadecimal value indicating a ...
The sort ends with a single k-way merge, rather than a series of two-way merge passes as in a typical in-memory merge sort. This is because each merge pass reads and writes every value from and to disk, so reducing the number of passes more than compensates for the additional cost of a k -way merge.
The IBM 308X is a line of mainframe computers, of which the first model, the Model 3081 Processor Complex, was introduced November 12, 1980. [1] [NB 1] It consisted of a 3081 Processor Unit with supporting units. Later models in the series were the 3083 [2] and the 3084. [3] The 3083 was announced March 31 and the 3084 on September 3, both in 1982.
The S/360-67 was intended to satisfy the needs of key time-sharing customers, notably MIT (where Project MAC had become a notorious IBM sales failure), the University of Michigan, General Motors, Bell Labs, Princeton University, the Carnegie Institute of Technology (later Carnegie Mellon University), [2] and the Naval Postgraduate School.
CPCS is run on IBM System/360 and later IBM mainframe computers and receives the data from the document processor and can store information from the cheques, including the bank number, branch number, account number and the amount the check was written for, as well as internal transaction codes. [11] IBM withdrew CPCS from marketing on Nov 29 ...