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Ribes (/ ˈ r aɪ b iː z /) [5] is a genus of about 200 known species of flowering plants, most of them native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. [2] The species may be known as various kinds of currants, such as redcurrants, blackcurrants, and whitecurrants, or as gooseberries, and some are cultivated for their edible fruit or as ornamental plants.
There was a demand to have gooseberry-type fruits on thornless plants, and the first successful attempt to cross blackcurrant (R. nigrum) with European gooseberry (R. uva-crispa) was carried out by William Culverwell in Yorkshire, England in 1880. [3] This hybrid was termed Ribes × culverwellii and was nearly sterile. [4]
On a garden scale the plants can be set at intervals of 1.5 to 1.8 m (5 to 6 ft) or they can be set in rows with planting intervals of 1.2 m (4 ft) and row separations of 2.5 m (8 ft) or more. In the UK, young bushes are generally planted deeper than their initial growing level to encourage new stems to grow from the base. [11]
Blackcurrant fruit. Blackcurrant production in the United States is relatively limited. The blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) was introduced by English settlers at the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 and was cultivated on some scale, particularly in New York. The plant acts as a host for the white pine blister rust that threatened the timber industry.
It is commonly known as the blackcurrant gall mite or big bud mite. It feeds on the plants' buds, forming galls , and transmits a virus which causes blackcurrant reversion disease. The mite is a serious pest of blackcurrant crops in Europe, but rarely on other continents.
In agriculture and gardening, transplanting or replanting is the technique of moving a plant from one location to another. Most often this takes the form of starting a plant from seed in optimal conditions, such as in a greenhouse or protected nursery bed , then replanting it in another, usually outdoor, growing location.