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According to Berry, [14] the fact that integration was the most widely preferred mode of acculturation in his studies suggests that pluralism [where a state expects immigrants will adopt the public values of the host country (democratic ideals and criminal codes) but has mandate defining private values] may constitute the ideology that best ...
John Widdup Berry is a psychologist known for his work in two areas: ecological and cultural influences on behavior; and the adaptation of immigrants and indigenous peoples following intercultural contact. [2]
Although numerous models of acculturation exist, the most complete models take into consideration the changes occurring at the group and individual levels of both interacting groups. [16] To understand acculturation at the group level, one must first look at the nature of both cultures before coming into contact with one another.
According to the Canadian migration researcher John W. Berry integration is an acculturation strategy, i.e. a form of how minorities (especially immigrants) behave towards the dominant culture. Integration is in opposition to the other acculturation strategies of assimilation, segregation and marginalisation.
This is in agreement with Berry's model of acculturation, which maintains that the best strategy for immigrant success is integration – learning how to operate in the host culture without assimilating one's own values and beliefs completely. [9] [10] Social axioms supplement the predictive power of values.
In second-language acquisition, the acculturation model is a theory proposed by John Schumann to describe the acquisition process of a second language (L2) by members of ethnic minorities [1] that typically include immigrants, migrant workers, or the children of such groups. [2]
The study notes that in the American Southwest, Mexican culture is prevalent and the close proximity to Mexico may play a role in the results. [1] Minimal research has been done to see the impact of the acculturation gap on parents compared to adolescents.
Two definitions of the field include: "the scientific study of human behavior and its transmission, taking into account the ways in which behaviors are shaped and influenced by social and cultural forces" [8] and "the empirical study of members of various cultural groups who have had different experiences that lead to predictable and significant differences in behavior". [9]