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  2. OSI model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model

    OSI had two major components: an abstract model of networking, called the Basic Reference Model or seven-layer model, and a set of specific protocols. The OSI reference model was a major advance in the standardisation of network concepts. It promoted the idea of a consistent model of protocol layers, defining interoperability between network ...

  3. OSI protocols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_protocols

    OSI model Layer Protocol data unit (PDU) Function [3] Host layers 7 Application: Data: High-level protocols such as for resource sharing or remote file access, e.g. HTTP. 6 Presentation: Translation of data between a networking service and an application; including character encoding, data compression and encryption/decryption: 5 Session

  4. Open systems architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_systems_architecture

    Systems design is a process of defining and engineering the architecture, methods, and interfaces necessary to accomplish a goal or fulfill a set of requirements. In open systems architecture, the design includes intentional provisions to make it possible to expand or modify the system at a later stage after initial operation.

  5. List of network protocols (OSI model) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_network_protocols...

    This article lists protocols, categorized by the nearest layer in the Open Systems Interconnection model.This list is not exclusive to only the OSI protocol family.Many of these protocols are originally based on the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and other models and they often do not fit neatly into OSI layers.

  6. Network architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_architecture

    The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) defines and codifies the concept of layered network architecture. Abstraction layers are used to subdivide a communications system further into smaller manageable parts. A layer is a collection of similar functions that provide services to the layer above it and receives services from the layer ...

  7. Protocol stack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_stack

    Protocol stack of the OSI model. The protocol stack or network stack is an implementation of a computer networking protocol suite or protocol family.Some of these terms are used interchangeably but strictly speaking, the suite is the definition of the communication protocols, and the stack is the software implementation of them.

  8. Physical layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_layer

    In a network using Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) architecture, the physical signaling sublayer is the portion of the physical layer that [7] [8] interfaces with the data link layer's medium access control (MAC) sublayer, performs symbol encoding, transmission, reception and decoding and, performs galvanic isolation.

  9. Network layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_layer

    The network layer provides the means of transferring variable-length network packets from a source to a destination host via one or more networks. Within the service layering semantics of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) network architecture, the network layer responds to service requests from the transport layer and issues service requests to the data link layer.