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Turbochargers were used on several aircraft engines during World War II, beginning with the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress in 1938, which used turbochargers produced by General Electric. [ 10 ] [ 19 ] Other early turbocharged airplanes included the Consolidated B-24 Liberator , Lockheed P-38 Lightning , Republic P-47 Thunderbolt and experimental ...
The idea was simple, however the materials and fuels required for it to function were not yet available. [4] While a later patent (1925) describing "pulse operation for low-pressure supercharging" [ 5 ] is considered his landmark, due to Büchi's invention the year 1905 is thus acknowledged as the birth of the turbocharging era.
The first turbo-diesel production car was the Mercedes-Benz 300SD (W116) saloon, which was sold in the United States from mid-1978 and powered by the OM617 five-cylinder engine. [25] A year later, the Peugeot 604 D Turbo became the first turbo-diesel car to be sold in Europe. Turbo-diesel cars began to be widely built and sold in Europe during ...
Most turbocharged petrol engines use a single turbocharger; however, twin-turbo configurations are also often used. In motor racing, turbochargers were used in various forms of motorsport in the 1970s and 1980s. Since the mid-2010s, turbocharging has returned to several motor racing categories, such as Formula One and the World Rally Championship.
Consequently, turbochargers were mainly employed in American aircraft engines such as the Allison V-1710 and the Pratt & Whitney R-2800, which were comparably heavier when turbocharged, and required additional ducting of expensive high-temperature metal alloys in the gas turbine and a pre-turbine section of the exhaust system. The size of the ...
The United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) preference for turbochargers early in the V-1710's development program meant that less effort was spent on developing suitable mechanically driven centrifugal superchargers for the Allison V-12 design, as other V-12 designs from friendly nations like the British Rolls-Royce Merlin were already using.
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Mercedes-Benz tested turbodiesels in cars (e.g. by the Mercedes-Benz C111 experimental and record-setting vehicles) and the first production turbo diesel cars were introduced in 1978, being the 3.0 5-cylinder 115 hp (86 kW) Mercedes 300 SD, [8] available only in North America, and the 2.5-litre 4-cylinder Peugeot 604.