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It helps suppress unproductive coughs and also has a mild sedative effect, but has little or no analgesic effects. It is also known as morpholinylethylmorphine and homocodeine. Pholcodine is found in certain cough lozenges, [2] and more commonly as an oral solution, typically 5 mg / 5 ml. Adult dosage is 5-10 ml up to 3-4 times daily. [3]
It also includes drugs which are marketed as cough suppressants or antitussives, but their effectiveness in reducing cough symptoms is unclear or minimal. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] While they have been used by 10% of American children in any given week, they are not recommended in Canada or the United States in children six years or younger because of ...
Dextromethorphan, sold under the brand name Robitussin among others, is a cough suppressant used in many cough and cold medicines. [6] In 2022, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the combination dextromethorphan/bupropion to serve as a rapid-acting antidepressant in people with major depressive disorder.
Benzonatate was first made available in the United States in 1958 as a prescription medication for the treatment of cough in individuals over the age of 10. [24] [25] There is a variety of prescription opioid-based cough relievers, such as hydrocodone and codeine, but have unwanted side effects and potential of abuse and diversion. [22]
Clofedanol or chlophedianol , sold under the brand name Ninjacof among others, is a centrally acting cough suppressant used in the treatment of dry cough. Clofedanol has local anesthetic , antispasmodic , and antihistamine properties, [ 1 ] and may have anticholinergic effects at high doses.
Ketamine’s antidepressant effects are part of what prompted researchers to explore other drugs that target glutamate—like the venerable cough suppressant dextromethorphan found in Robitussin ...