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cell, in biology, the basic membrane-bound unit that contains the fundamental molecules of life and of which all living things are composed. A single cell is often a complete organism in itself, such as a bacterium or yeast. Other cells acquire specialized functions as they mature.
There are two distinct types of cells: prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Though the structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ ( see prokaryote, eukaryote), their molecular compositions and activities are very similar.
The molecules of cells. The structure of biological molecules; Coupled chemical reactions. Photosynthesis: the beginning of the food chain; ATP: fueling chemical reactions; The genetic information of cells. DNA: the genetic material; RNA: replicated from DNA; The organization of cells. Intracellular communication; Intercellular communication
Cell theory, fundamental scientific theory of biology according to which cells are held to be the basic units of all living tissues. First proposed by German scientists Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden in 1838, the theory that all plants and animals are made up of cells marked a great.
DNA, organic chemical of complex molecular structure that is found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and in many viruses. DNA codes genetic information for the transmission of inherited traits.
cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water.
Cell - Molecules, Structure, Biology: Cells are largely composed of compounds that contain carbon. The study of how carbon atoms interact with other atoms in molecular compounds forms the basis of the field of organic chemistry and plays a large role in understanding the basic functions of cells.
Organelle, any of the specialized structures within a cell that perform a specific function (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum). Organelles in unicellular organisms are the equivalent of organs in multicellular organisms.
Lipids are a diverse group of compounds and serve many different functions. At a cellular level, phospholipids and cholesterol are some of the primary components of the membranes that separate a cell from its environment.
mitochondrion, membrane-bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of almost all eukaryotic cells (cells with clearly defined nuclei), the primary function of which is to generate large quantities of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).