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Folinic acid, also known as leucovorin, is a medication used to decrease the toxic effects of methotrexate and pyrimethamine. [2] [3] It is also used in combination with 5-fluorouracil to treat colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer, may be used to treat folate deficiency that results in anemia, and methanol poisoning.
Methotrexate is commonly associated with dose-related toxic effects involving the bone marrow and gastrointestinal tract. [12] Folic acid may be given weekly to help diminish the frequency of side-effects. [12] Methotrexate is also associated with acute and chronic liver damage. Other adverse effects include: [12] Life-threatening Interstitial ...
Both high-folate diets and supplemental folic acid may help reduce the toxic side-effects of low-dose methotrexate without decreasing its effectiveness. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Anyone taking low-dose methotrexate for the health problems listed above should consult with a physician about the need for a folic acid supplement.
The coenzyme folic acid (top) and the anticancer drug methotrexate (bottom) are very similar in structure. As a result, methotrexate is a competitive inhibitor of many enzymes that use folates. Methotrexate (green) complexed into the active site of DHFR (blue) Methotrexate is an antimetabolite of the antifolate type. It is thought to affect ...
Folinic acid, under the drug name leucovorin, a form of folate (formyl-THF), can help "rescue" or reverse the toxic effects of methotrexate. [59] Folic acid supplements have little established role in cancer chemotherapy.
Side effects such as nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain can be reduced by taking folic acid. [132] Rituximab combined with methotrexate appears to be more effective in improving symptoms compared to methotrexate alone. [133] Rituximab works by decreasing levels of B-cells (immune cell that is involved in inflammation).