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Topographic map of parts of the Near East. The Near East (Arabic: الشرق الأدنى) is a transcontinental region around the Eastern Mediterranean broadly synonymous with the modern Middle East, encompassing the historical Fertile Crescent, the Levant, Anatolia, Egypt, Mesopotamia, the Iranian Plateau, and coastal areas of the Arabian Peninsula. [1]
This is a list of countries by easternmost point on land (dependent territories included). The order does not always reflect how close a country's territory is to the 180th meridian . Russia, Fiji, and Antarctica are notable exceptions because the 180th meridian passes through them.
Below is the list of the countries and territories bordering the Mediterranean, listed clockwise from Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula: Southern European coast, from west to east Spain [4] Gibraltar [4] (British Overseas Territory) France [4] Monaco [4] Italy [4] Malta [4] Slovenia [4] Croatia [4] Bosnia and Herzegovina [4]
Before the First World War, "Near East" was used in English to refer to the Balkans and the Ottoman Empire, while "Middle East" referred to the Caucasus, Persia, and Arabian lands, [19] and sometimes Afghanistan, India and others. [20] In contrast, "Far East" referred to the countries of East Asia (e.g. China, Japan, and Korea). [23] [24]
Multiple sources give different estimates of the area enclosed by the imaginary border of Asia. The New York Times Atlas of the World gives 43,608,000 km 2 (16,837,000 sq mi). [1] Chambers World Gazetteer rounds off to 44,000,000 km 2 (17,000,000 sq mi), [2] while the Concise Columbia Encyclopedia gives 44,390,000 km 2 (17,140,000 sq mi). [3]
Further, residents of different parts of the world perceive the boundaries differently; for example, some European scholars define Russia as East, but most agree that it is the West's second complementary part, [3] and Islamic nations regard it and other predominantly Christian nations as the West. [2]
A map showing territories commonly considered part of the Middle East. The Middle East, or the Near East, was one of the cradles of civilization: after the Neolithic Revolution and the adoption of agriculture, many of the world's oldest cultures and civilizations were created there.
This is a list of countries and territories by the United Nations geoscheme, including 193 UN member states, two UN observer states (the Holy See [note 1] and the State of Palestine), two states in free association with New Zealand (the Cook Islands and Niue), and 49 non-sovereign dependencies or territories, as well as Western Sahara (a disputed territory whose sovereignty is contested) and ...