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The history of Illinois may be defined by several broad historical periods, namely, the pre-Columbian period, the era of European exploration and colonization, its development as part of the American frontier, its early statehood period, growth in the 19th and 20th centuries, and contemporary Illinois of today.
Illinois averages approximately 51 days of thunderstorm activity a year, which ranks somewhat above average in the number of thunderstorm days for the United States. Illinois is vulnerable to tornadoes, with an average of 54 occurring annually, which puts much of the state at around five tornadoes per 10,000 sq mi (30,000 km 2) annually. [74]
Hispanic and Latino American history of Illinois (2 C) Historians of Illinois (4 P) Historic sites in Illinois (11 C) Historic trails and roads in Illinois (2 C, 11 P)
Painted hide with geometric motifs, attributed to the Illinois Confederacy by the French, pre-1800. Collections of the Musée du quai Branly.. The Illinois Confederation, also referred to as the Illiniwek or Illini, were made up of a loosely organized group of 12 to 13 tribes who lived in the Mississippi River Valley.
At its first appearance in records by explorers, the Chicago area was inhabited by a number of Algonquian peoples, including the Mascouten and Miami.The name "Chicago" is generally believed to derive from a French rendering of the Miami–Illinois language word šikaakwa, referring to the plant Allium tricoccum, as well as the animal skunk. [3]
Springfield is the capital city of the U.S. state of Illinois.Its population was 114,394 at the 2020 census, which makes it the state's seventh-most populous city, [10] the second-most populous outside of the Chicago metropolitan area (after Rockford), and the most populous in Central Illinois.
Cook County was created on January 15, 1831, out of Putnam County by an act of the Illinois General Assembly.It was the 54th county established in Illinois and was named after Daniel Pope Cook, one of the earliest and youngest statesmen in Illinois history.
The Illinois Territory originally included lands that became the states of Illinois, Wisconsin, the eastern portion of Minnesota, and the western portion of the upper peninsula of Michigan. As part of Illinois Territory’s statehood process, the Territory retroceded its Wisconsin lands. Congress reassigned the ceded lands to Michigan Territory.