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Artificial saliva is primarily used to relieve symptoms of xerostomia, known as dry mouth and hyposalivation, which is a condition that results in reduced saliva production. Various factors, including medication use, cancer therapy , and certain diseases, such as diabetes , stroke or Sjögren syndrome , can cause xerostomia. [ 1 ]
Cevimeline (trade name Evoxac) is a synthetic analog of the natural alkaloid muscarine with a particular agonistic effect on M 1 and M 3 receptors. It is used in the treatment of dry mouth and Sjögren's syndrome.
Xerostomia is the subjective sensation of dry mouth, which is often (but not always) associated with hypofunction of the salivary glands. [3] The term is derived from the Greek words ξηρός (xeros) meaning "dry" and στόμα (stoma) meaning "mouth". [4] [5] A drug or substance that increases the rate of salivary flow is termed a sialogogue.
Dry mouth can be caused by various factors affecting the salivary glands. [3] By keeping the mouth moisturized, Biotène helps prevent complications associated with prolonged dry mouth. For example, dry mouth impairs the antimicrobial properties of saliva, increasing the risk of opportunistic infections. [ 3 ]
Angular cheilitis typically starts with a red dry patch on the corners of the mouth. It can be on one or both sides, with a dry, scaly appearance, according to the Cleveland Clinic.
Potentiates CNS sedatives, [3] chronic use might cause a reversible dry skin condition. [18] Khat: qat Catha edulis: Chronic liver dysfunction [3] [19] Kratom: Mitragyna speciosa: Hepatotoxicity [20] [19] Liquorice root Glycyrrhiza glabra: Hypokalemia, hypertension, arrhythmias, edema [5] Lobelia: asthma weed, pukeweed, vomit wort Lobelia inflata