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Example Bjerrum plot: Change in carbonate system of seawater from ocean acidification.. A Bjerrum plot (named after Niels Bjerrum), sometimes also known as a Sillén diagram (after Lars Gunnar Sillén), or a Hägg diagram (after Gunnar Hägg) [1] is a graph of the concentrations of the different species of a polyprotic acid in a solution, as a function of pH, [2] when the solution is at ...
Water is the medium of the oceans, the medium which carries all the substances and elements involved in the marine biogeochemical cycles. Water as found in nature almost always includes dissolved substances, so water has been described as the "universal solvent" for its ability to dissolve so many substances.
Even before OAE2, during the late Cenomanian, tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) were very warm, about 27-29 °C. [30] The onset of OAE2 was concurrent with a 4-5 °C rise in shelf sea temperatures. [31] Mean tropical SSTs during OAE2 have been conservatively estimated to have been at least 30 °C, but may have reached as high as 36 °C. [32]
Relationship of phosphate to nitrate uptake for photosynthesis in various regions of the ocean. Note that nitrate is more often limiting than phosphate. The Redfield ratio or Redfield stoichiometry is the consistent atomic ratio of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus found in marine phytoplankton and throughout the deep oceans.
The decreasing saturation of seawater with respect to calcium carbonate, associated with ocean acidification, a result of increased carbon dioxide (CO 2) absorption by the oceans, poses a significant threat to marine calcifiers. As CO 2 concentrations in seawater rise, a decrease in pH and a reduction in carbonate ion concentrations in seawater ...
The fact that two 100 degree measurements were taken on consecutive days lends credence to them, McNoldy said. Water temperatures have been in the upper 90s in the area for more than two weeks.
Reduced oxygen levels are expected to lead to increased seawater concentrations of redox-sensitive metals. The reductive dissolution of iron–manganese oxyhydroxides in seafloor sediments under low-oxygen conditions would release those metals and associated trace metals. Sulfate reduction in such sediments could release other metals such as ...
A hole in a 600-mile-long fault line has been discovered at the bottom of the Pacific ocean - and it could be the trigger of a magnitude-9 earthquake on the US coast. Just outside of Oregon ...