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Cardiac glycosides are a class of organic compounds that increase the output force of the heart and decrease its rate of contractions by inhibiting the cellular sodium-potassium ATPase pump. [1] Their beneficial medical uses include treatments for congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias ; however, their relative toxicity prevents them ...
Digoxin is in the cardiac glycoside family of medications. [4] It was first isolated in 1930 from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata. [7] [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [9] In 2021, it was the 241st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. [10 ...
Cardiac glycosides like digoxin, primarily inhibit the sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+ ATPase), an important protein located on the surface of cardiomyocytes (cardiac muscle cells). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Using ATP (the cell’s energy currency), this protein facilitates the transport of extracellular potassium ions (K+) into the cell while exporting sodium ...
Salicin, a glycoside related to aspirin Chemical structure of oleandrin, a cardiac glycoside. In chemistry, a glycoside / ˈ ɡ l aɪ k ə s aɪ d / is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides play numerous important roles in living organisms. Many plants store chemicals in the form of ...
Digitoxin is a cardiac glycoside used for the treatment of heart failure and certain kinds of heart arrhythmia. It is a phytosteroid and is similar in structure and effects to digoxin, though the effects are longer-lasting. Unlike digoxin, which is eliminated from the body via the kidneys, it is eliminated via the liver, and so can be used in ...
The term derives from card-"heart" (from Greek καρδία kardiā) and the suffix -enolide, referring to the lactone ring at C17. [2] Cardenolides are a class of steroids (or aglycones if viewed as cardiac glycoside constituents), and cardenolides are a subtype of this class (see MeSH D codes list).
Ouabain is a cardiac glycoside that acts by non-selectively inhibiting the Na + /K +-ATPase sodium–potassium ion pump. [2] Once ouabain binds to this enzyme, the enzyme ceases to function, leading to an increase of intracellular sodium.
Convallatoxin is a natural cardiac glycoside that can be found, among others, in the plant lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis). Legend says that Apollo gave this plant to Asclepios, the Greek god of healing. [1] Lily of the valley has indeed been used medicinally to treat illness, [2] all going back to medieval times.