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The ice extent trends from 1979 to 2002 have been a statistically significant Arctic sea ice decrease of −2.5% ± 0.9% per decade during those 23 years. [7] Climate models simulated this trend in 2002. [8] The September minimum ice extent trend for 1979–2011 declined by 12.0% per decade during 32 years. [9]
Arctic Sea ice maximum is the day of a year when Arctic sea ice reaches its largest extent near the end of the Arctic cold season, normally during March. [14] Typical data visualizations for Arctic sea ice include average monthly measurements or graphs for the annual minimum or maximum extent, as shown in the adjacent images.
English: Plot of arctic sea ice extent development between 1979 and 2023 in monthly mean values. For the determination of the "area" value, every pixel with a sea ice concentration > .15 is taken. The pixel area is multiplied with the concentration value derived from the passive infrared signal.
A comparison of polar sea ice extents on two random days does not provide enough information to determine whether or not Earth's climate is changing.
Nearly all of the Arctic’s sea ice could melt by the summer of 2027, ... This image, taken from a data visualization, shows the Arctic’s sea ice minimum extent on September 11, 2024. The ...
The first sea ice-free September could occur as early as the 2030s, the study found. Arctic sea ice has been declining for decades but has shrunk at an even faster rate in the past 20 years.
The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) is a United States information and referral center in support of polar and cryospheric research.NSIDC archives and distributes digital and analog snow and ice data and also maintains information about snow cover, avalanches, glaciers, ice sheets, freshwater ice, sea ice, ground ice, permafrost, atmospheric ice, paleoglaciology, and ice cores.
Animation of Minimum Annual Sea Ice Extent over the Arctic from 1979 to 2012. In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from May 16, 2013, through September 12, 2013, when the sea ice reached its minimum area of coverage for 2013.