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India is a federal constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 28 states and 8 union territories. [1] All states, as well as the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi, have elected legislatures and governments, both patterned on the Westminster model.
A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign [1] entity of British India that was not directly governed by the Indian Government, but rather by a ruler under a form of indirect rule, [2] subject to a subsidiary alliance and the suzerainty or paramountcy of the Crown of India.
The Union of India was consequently established from 9 former Indian provinces (East Punjab, United Provinces, Central Provinces, Madras, Bombay, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal and Assam) and 562 former Indian states.
Before the partition of India in 1947, about 584 princely states, also called "native states", existed in India. [1] These were not part of British India, the parts of the Indian subcontinent which were under direct British administration, but rather under indirect rule, subject to subsidiary alliances.
India is a union consisting of 30 states and 8 union territories. [1] As of 2024, with an estimated population of 1.484 billion, India is the world's most populous country. India occupies 2.4% of the world's area and is home to 17.5% of the world's population. [2]
This is a list of Indian princely states, as they existed during the British Raj before 1947. Before the Partition of India in 1947, hundreds [ citation needed ] of princely states , also called native or Indian states , existed in India .
After the dissolution of the Indian Empire and the partitioning of British India, the Dominion of India was created which included the Province of East Punjab and the United Provinces to the north west. Jammu and Kashmir, the Punjab States Agency (except Bahawalpur) and the Rajputana Agency joined the Union of India.
The early history of British expansion in India was characterised by the co-existence of two approaches towards the existing princely states. [7] The first was a policy of annexation, where the British sought to forcibly absorb the Indian princely states into the provinces which constituted their Empire in India.