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The circular folds slow the passage of the partly digested food along the intestines, and afford an increased surface for absorption. [5] They are covered with small finger-like projections called villi (singular, villus). Each villus, in turn, is covered with microvilli. The microvilli absorb fats and nutrients from the chyme.
In the small intestine, villi are folds of the mucosa that increase the surface area of the intestine. The villi contain a lacteal , a vessel connected to the lymph system that aids in the removal of lipids and tissue fluids.
These folds together with villi serve to increase the surface area of the jejunum enabling an increased absorption of digested sugars, amino acids and fatty acids into the bloodstream. The circular folds also slow the passage of food giving more time for nutrients to be absorbed. The last part of the small intestine is the ileum.
The small intestine is the site where most of the nutrients from ingested food are absorbed. The inner wall, or mucosa, of the small intestine, is lined with intestinal epithelium, a simple columnar epithelium. Structurally, the mucosa is covered in wrinkles or flaps called circular folds, which are considered permanent features in the mucosa.
The combination of the circular folds, the villi, and the microvilli increases the absorptive area of the mucosa about 600-fold, making a total area of about 250 m 2 (2,700 sq ft) for the entire small intestine. [20] Its main function is to absorb the products of digestion (including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and vitamins) into the ...
A superior and an inferior duodenal recess may be created by horizontal peritoneal folds. [2] A retroduodenal recess may occur posterior to the duodenojejunal flexure. [2] The small intestine may herniate (a condition known as an "internal hernia") into these recesses, and such hernias may then strangulate. [3]
The small intestinal mesenteric fold occurs where the small intestinal mesentery folds onto the posterior abdominal wall and continues laterally as the right mesocolon. During mobilization of the small intestinal mesentery from the posterior abdominal wall, this fold is incised, allowing access to the interface between the small intestinal ...
The small intestine forms loops (B2) and slides back into the abdomen (B3) during resolution of the hernia. Meanwhile, the cecum moves from the left to the right side, which represents the additional 180° counterclockwise rotation of the intestine (C, central view). [3] In the process of lengthening growth, the intestinal duct herniates and