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Its peripheral part is formed by the eyes, the intermediate (by the transmission of nerve impulses) - the optic nerves, and the central - the visual centers in the cerebral cortex. The recognition of visual stimuli in mammals is the result of the joint work of the eyes and the brain.
Distribution of rods and cones along a line passing through the fovea and the blind spot of a human eye [1]. A blind spot, scotoma, is an obscuration of the visual field.A particular blind spot known as the physiological blind spot, "blind point", or punctum caecum in medical literature, is the place in the visual field that corresponds to the lack of light-detecting photoreceptor cells on the ...
The fibers from the retina run along the optic nerve to nine primary visual nuclei in the brain, from which a major relay inputs into the primary visual cortex. A fundus photograph showing the back of the retina. The white circle is the beginning of the optic nerve. The optic nerve is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glia.
The ganglion cell axons form the optic nerve after they leave the eye. The optic disc represents the beginning of the optic nerve and is the point where the axons of retinal ganglion cells come together. The optic disc in a normal human eye carries 1–1.2 million afferent nerve fibers from the eye toward the brain.
The optic nerve contains axons of nerve cells that emerge from the retina, leave the eye at the optic disc, and go to the visual cortex where input from the eye is processed into vision. There are 1.2 million optic nerve fibers that derive from the retinal ganglion cells of the inner retina. [ 2 ]
The sclera is perforated by many nerves and vessels passing through the posterior scleral foramen, the hole that is formed by the optic nerve. At the optic disc, the outer two-thirds of the sclera continues with the dura mater (outer coat of the brain) via the dural sheath of the optic nerve. The inner third joins with some choroidal tissue to ...
Glaucoma is a progressive condition the eye causes damage to the optic nerve. [7] The damage to the optic nerve is usually caused by intraocular pressure [8] of the eye being elevated. Glaucoma can be seen in dogs, and less commonly, cats. Treatment [9] can be in the form of ocular medication, like prescription eye drops.
Atlas image: eye_1 at the University of Michigan Health System - "Sagittal Section Through the Eyeball" Atlas image: eye_3 at the University of Michigan Health System - "Coronal Section Through the Eyeball" "Anatomy diagram: 02566.000-1". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22.