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Two graphite pencils. Both are labelled "HB", but the numeric label differs between "2" and "2 1 ⁄ 2 ". A grading chart ranging from 9B to 9H. Graphite pencils are made of a mixture of clay and graphite and their darkness varies from black to light grey. A higher amount of clay added to the pencil makes it harder, leaving lighter marks.
A mechanical pencil or clutch pencil is a pencil with a replaceable and mechanically extendable solid pigment core called a "lead" / ˈ l ɛ d /. The lead , often made of graphite , is not bonded to the outer casing, and the user can mechanically extend it as its point is worn away from use.
A copying pencil, also an indelible pencil or chemical pencil, [1] is a pencil whose lead contains a dye. The lead is fabricated by adding a dry water-soluble permanent dye to powdered graphite —used in standard graphite pencils—before binding the mixture with clay .
Graphite (/ ˈ ɡ r æ f aɪ t /) is a crystalline allotrope (form) of the element carbon. It consists of many stacked layers of graphene, typically in the excess of hundreds of layers. Graphite occurs naturally and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions.
A pencil is a handheld instrument containing an interior strip of solid material that produces marks used to write and draw, usually on paper. The marking material is most commonly graphite, typically contained inside a wooden sheath. However, other marking materials are used, such as charcoal or cosmetics (as in an eyebrow pencil
The graphite in mechanical pencils is typically much narrower than in wooden pencils, frequently in sub-millimeter diameters. This makes them particularly useful for fine diagrams or small handwriting, although different sizes of refill leads cannot be interchanged in the same pencil unless it has been specially designed for that purpose.