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Kingella kingae is a species of Gram-negative facultative anaerobic β-hemolytic coccobacilli. First isolated in 1960 by Elizabeth O. King , it was not recognized as a significant cause of infection in young children until the 1990s, when culture techniques had improved enough for it to be recognized.
E. meningoseptica grows well on blood agar and chocolate agar. Colonies are very pale yellow and may not be easily evident at 24 hours. Strains growing better at 40 °C are mostly associated with invasive meningitis. [7] Often, a greyish discoloration is seen around the colonies on blood agar due to proteases and gelatinase.
HACEK is an abbreviation of the initials of the genera of this group of bacteria: Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter (previously Actinobacillus), Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella. [1] The HACEK organisms are a normal part of the human microbiota , living in the oral - pharyngeal region.
Kingella is a genus of bacteria of the family Neisseriaceae. [1] It belongs to the HACEK group of fastidious Gram-negative bacteria that tend to cause endocarditis . [ 2 ] Kingella kingae is its type species .
A 2021 retrospective review of 86 Elizabethkingia veterinary diagnostic laboratory results from US dogs and cats found 26 E. meningoseptica, 1 E. miricola, and 59 unspeciated Elizabethkingia isolates from nine US states, demonstrating that Elizabethkingia infections in animals may increase risks to humans.
As of March 2016, it was reported to be the largest outbreak of Elizabethkingia anophelis-caused disease investigated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
In the 1960s, King identified a novel bacteria from human respiratory secretions, blood, and bone and joint exudates that was designated Moraxella kingii in her honor shortly after her death. In 1976 it was reassigned to the genus Kingella and given the species name Kingella kingae. [7] [8]
Kingella indologenes and K. denitrificans. [3] In 1990 Dewhirst et al. moved Kingella indologenes (Snell and Lapage, 1976) to the new genus Suttonella renaming the species Suttonella indologenes at the same time they transferred Bacteroides nodosus (Beveridge 1941) to the new genus Dichelobacter forming the new species name Dichelobacter nodosus.