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The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (version 4 was released September 2019) is a standard series of measurements originally developed by psychologist Nancy Bayley used primarily to assess the development of infants and toddlers, ages 1–42 months. [1]
Accordingly, the scale would purportedly be able to show that infants and young children who demonstrate behaviors or responses more typical of an older chronological age would have higher intelligence. [1] Additionally, the Gesell Developmental Schedule has moved beyond merely identifying high-intelligence children and has become a research tool.
Gesell found asymmetric development to be common in children. [11] In motor behaviors, this can be seen in an infant’s tonic neck reflex, where babies prefer to lie with their heads turned to one side and extend their arm to the same side which the head is turned while flexing the other arm behind their head. It is a reflex where the infant ...
A general movements assessment is a type of medical assessment used in the diagnosis of cerebral palsy, [1] and is particularly used to follow up high-risk neonatal cases. [2] The general movements assessment involves measuring movements that occur spontaneously among those less than four months of age and appears to be most accurate test for ...
The Synactive Theory is the foundation of both: 1) the Assessment of Preterm Infants’ Behavior (APIB), [3] [4] a standardized comprehensive newborn test, and 2) the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP), [5] which is the care and intervention approach, that focuses on each infant's behavioral cues (e.g ...
Fine motor skills are the coordination of small muscle movements which occur e.g., in the fingers, usually in coordination with the eyes. In application to motor skills of hands (and fingers) the term dexterity is commonly used. The term 'dexterity' is defined by Latash and Turrey (1996) as a 'harmony in movements' (p. 20).
The psychologist evaluated 104 children, of whom 18 were judged to be delayed [14]). The Denver II yielded a high sensitivity rate, correctly identifying 83% of the previously noted delayed children. However, the screening test also identified more than half of the developmentally normal children as delayed, so its specificity (46%) was low.
Gross motor skills, as well as many other activities, require postural control. Infants need to control the heads to stabilize their gaze and to track moving objects. They also must have strength and balance in their legs to walk. [1] Newborn infants cannot voluntarily control their posture. Within a few weeks, though, they can hold their heads ...