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The organs of Bojanus or Bojanus organs are excretory glands that serve the function of kidneys in some of the molluscs. In other words, these are metanephridia that are found in some molluscs, for example in the bivalves. Some other molluscs have another type of organ for excretion called Keber's organ.
The nephridium (pl.: nephridia) is an invertebrate organ, found in pairs and performing a function similar to the vertebrate kidneys (which originated from the chordate nephridia). Nephridia remove metabolic wastes from an animal's body.
The kidneys in mammals are usually bean-shaped [4] or externally lobulated. [5] They are located behind the peritoneum (retroperitoneally) [6] on the back wall of the body. [7] The typical mammalian kidney consists of a renal capsule, a peripheral cortex, an internal medulla, one or more renal calyces, and a renal pelvis. [7]
The chondrostean kidney is an important hemopoietic organ; it is where erythrocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes and macrophages develop. Like chondrostean fish, the major immune tissues of bony fish include the kidney (especially the anterior kidney), which houses many different immune cells. [73]
The tertiary lamellae are formed by folding the secondary lamellae in a fan-like shape. [21] Water moves slowly in one direction over the gills and lamellae, into the mantle cavity and out of the octopus' funnel. [22] The structure of the octopus' gills allows for a high amount of oxygen uptake; up to 65% in water at 20 °C (68 °F). [22]
The reniculate kidney is a multilobed kidney found in marine and aquatic mammals such as pinnipeds (seals, sea lions and walruses) and cetaceans (dolphins and whales) but absent in terrestrial mammals except bears. [1] Kidneys of this morphology have increased surface area for removing toxins from the body more efficiently than a non-lobed kidney.
Certain molluscs, such as the bivalves, [2] possess paired ctenidia, but others, such as members of the Ampullariidae, [3] bear a single ctenidium. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] A ctenidium is shaped like a comb or a feather, with a central part from which many filaments or plate-like structures protrude, lined up in a row.
A siphon is an anatomical structure which is part of the body of aquatic molluscs in three classes: Gastropoda, Bivalvia and Cephalopoda (members of these classes include saltwater and freshwater snails, clams, octopus, squid and relatives). Siphons in molluscs are tube-like structures in which water (or, more rarely, air) flows.