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Capoeira (Portuguese pronunciation: [kapuˈe(j)ɾɐ]) is a Afro-Brazilian martial art and game that includes elements of dance, acrobatics, music and spirituality. It is known for its acrobatic and complex maneuvers, often involving hands on the ground and inverted kicks.
Playing capoeira or war dance, 1835, by Rugendas. Whistling was the way capoeiristas signaled each other. [30] In 1817, the police declared strict penalties for possession of knives, and the same for those "whistling and with sticks", including 300 lashes (for slaves only) and three months of forced labor:
In the 19th century capoeira saw a notable shift to weapons such as razors, knives, sticks and rocks. The late 19th century street-fighting capoeiragem was a mixed martial art, combining five main fighting techniques: headbutts, foot kicks, open hand blows, blades, and stick techniques.
In Capoeira Angola, the ginga is more expressive and individualistic, while in capoeira Regional the ginga has a more structured and defensive look. Most Capoeira regional academies teach the ginga in the same way until the student advances to a certain level and begins to develop their own expressive and comfortable way of using it.
Capoeira e Ancestralidade (2013), documentary on the Angolan origins of capoeira, following mestre Cobra Mansa to Africa. [7] Capoeira has been a focus of several martial arts films, including: Rooftops (1989), a film featuring two homeless teenagers who use dance fights inspired by capoeira to settle arguments and as a form of entertainment. [8]
A capoeira roda in Farroupilha Park, Porto Alegre, Brazil (2007). Roda (Portuguese pronunciation: - wheel or circle) is the circular formation within which participants perform in any of several African and Afro-Brazilian dance art forms, such as engolo, capoeira, maculelê and samba de roda.
Chapa de costas (back plate) is a back push kick in capoeira, and one of the few principal capoeira's kicks. [1] It is also basic kick in African martial art engolo, the forerunner of capoeira. [2] Chapa de costas is typical kick of capoeira Angola. [3] This "malicious" kick is similar to chapa de frente, applied from the back to the opponent. [4]
The spread of Capoeira caused modernized forms to break off as a playful dance. The Globalization of it in the 21st century, caused additional forms to break off as a sport, or performance. However, older forms were continually practiced by traditional folk, creating several true definitions of Capoeira.