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Conversely, every line is the set of all solutions of a linear equation. The phrase "linear equation" takes its origin in this correspondence between lines and equations: a linear equation in two variables is an equation whose solutions form a line. If b ≠ 0, the line is the graph of the function of x that has been defined in the preceding ...
A constant function is also considered linear in this context, as it is a polynomial of degree zero or is the zero polynomial. Its graph, when there is only one variable, is a horizontal line. In this context, a function that is also a linear map (the other meaning) may be referred to as a homogeneous linear function or a linear form.
In calculus and related areas of mathematics, a linear function from the real numbers to the real numbers is a function whose graph (in Cartesian coordinates) is a non-vertical line in the plane. [1] The characteristic property of linear functions is that when the input variable is changed, the change in the output is proportional to the change ...
In three-dimensional Euclidean space, these three planes represent solutions to linear equations, and their intersection represents the set of common solutions: in this case, a unique point. The blue line is the common solution to two of these equations. Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as:
More formally, linear programming is a technique for the optimization of a linear objective function, subject to linear equality and linear inequality constraints. Its feasible region is a convex polytope , which is a set defined as the intersection of finitely many half spaces , each of which is defined by a linear inequality.
Two linear systems using the same set of variables are equivalent if each of the equations in the second system can be derived algebraically from the equations in the first system, and vice versa. Two systems are equivalent if either both are inconsistent or each equation of each of them is a linear combination of the equations of the other one.
This system of linear equations can easily be solved. First, the first equation simply says that a 3 is 1. Knowing that, we can solve the second equation for a 2, which comes out to −1. Finally, the last equation tells us that a 1 is also −1. Therefore, the only possible way to get a linear combination is with these coefficients. Indeed,
Let be a Banach space, let ′ be the dual space of , let : ′ be a linear map, and let ′.A vector is a solution of the equation = if and only if for all , () = ().A particular choice of is called a test vector (in general) or a test function (if is a function space).