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Body language is a type of nonverbal communication in which physical behaviors, as opposed to words, are used to express or convey information. Such behavior includes facial expressions, body posture, gestures, eye movement, touch and the use of space. Although body language is an important part of communication, most of it happens without ...
Oculesics is one form of nonverbal communication, which is the transmission and reception of meaning between communicators without the use of words.Nonverbal communication can include the environment around the communicators, the physical attributes or characteristics of the communicators, and the communicators' behavior of the communicators.
Two figures making eye contact in Caravaggio's The Fortune Teller c. 1595 Two students locking eyes. Eye contact occurs when two people or non-human animals look at each other's eyes at the same time. [1] In people, eye contact is a form of nonverbal communication and can have a large influence on social behavior.
Some studies have found that females tend to be more responsive to non-verbal cues in comparison to verbal cues. [5] Knowing a person's sex can also give insight into a person's non-verbal leakage, as males and females tend to display particular non-verbal leakage when telling the truth, which can also help to indicate when someone is telling a lie, as such behaviors would be suppressed. [6]
Popular books included Body Language (Fast, 1970), which focused on how to use nonverbal communication to attract other people, and How to Read a Person Like a Book (Nierenberg & Calero, 1971) which examined nonverbal behavior in negotiation situations. [17] The journal Environmental Psychology and Nonverbal Behavior was founded in 1976. [25]
Many nonverbal behaviors represent assertive communication as well. Individuals engaging in assertive communication convey open and receptive body language with upright posture and relaxed movements. [6] Assertive communicators have a clear tone of voice and make appropriate eye contact. [6]
Much of the advice you hear about body language advises ways to tweak your mannerisms to appear more confident. But you don't want to swing so far in that direction that you come off as cocky.
Communication theories vary substantially in their epistemology, and articulating this philosophical commitment is part of the theorizing process. [1] Although the various epistemic positions used in communication theories can vary, one categorization scheme distinguishes among interpretive empirical, metric empirical or post-positivist, rhetorical, and critical epistemologies. [13]