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The modern Japanese writing system uses a combination of logographic kanji, which are adopted Chinese characters, and syllabic kana.Kana itself consists of a pair of syllabaries: hiragana, used primarily for native or naturalized Japanese words and grammatical elements; and katakana, used primarily for foreign words and names, loanwords, onomatopoeia, scientific names, and sometimes for emphasis.
Hiragana (平仮名, ひらがな, IPA: [çiɾaɡaꜜna, çiɾaɡana(ꜜ)]) is a Japanese syllabary, part of the Japanese writing system, along with katakana as well as kanji. It is a phonetic lettering system.
The earliest Japanese romanization system was based on Portuguese orthography.It was developed c. 1548 by a Japanese Catholic named Anjirō. [2] [citation needed] Jesuit priests used the system in a series of printed Catholic books so that missionaries could preach and teach their converts without learning to read Japanese orthography.
Katakana (片仮名、カタカナ, IPA: [katakaꜜna, kataꜜkana]) is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system along with hiragana, [2] kanji and in some cases the Latin script (known as rōmaji).
'Kana' is a compound of kari (仮, 'borrowed; assumed; false') and na (名, 'name'), which eventually collapsed into kanna and ultimately 'kana'. [3]Today it is generally assumed that 'kana' were considered "false" kanji due to their purely phonetic nature, as opposed to mana which were "true" kanji used for their meanings.
In the Japanese language, the gojūon (五十音, Japanese pronunciation: [ɡo(d)ʑɯꜜːoɴ], lit. "fifty sounds") is a traditional system ordering kana characters by their component phonemes, roughly analogous to alphabetical order.
HIRAGANA LETTER RI KATAKANA LETTER RI HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER RI KATAKANA LETTER SMALL RI CIRCLED KATAKANA RI Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex Unicode: 12426: U+308A: 12522: U+30EA: 65432: U+FF98: 12796: U+31FC: 13047: U+32F7 UTF-8: 227 130 138: E3 82 8A: 227 131 170: E3 83 AA: 239 190 152: EF BE 98: 227 135 188: E3 87 BC ...
Code chart ∣ Web page ... Consolidated document containing 6 Japanese proposals, 1999-07-15: N2092: Addition of forty eight characters, 1999-09-13: L2/99-365: