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This reaction gives the methanol solvate of the dichloride, which upon heating in a vacuum at about 160 °C converts to anhydrous FeCl 2. [4] The net reaction is shown: Fe + 2 HCl → FeCl 2 + H 2. FeBr 2 and FeI 2 can be prepared analogously. An alternative synthesis of anhydrous ferrous chloride is the reduction of FeCl 3 with chlorobenzene: [5]
2 FeCl 3 + Fe → 3 FeCl 2. A traditional synthesis of anhydrous ferrous chloride is the reduction of FeCl 3 with chlorobenzene: [25] 2 FeCl 3 + C 6 H 5 Cl → 2 FeCl 2 + C 6 H 4 Cl 2 + HCl. iron(III) chloride releases chlorine gas when heated above 160 °C, generating ferrous chloride: [16] 2FeCl 3 → 2FeCl 2 + Cl 2
Fe 0 + 2 H + → Fe 2+ + H 2. Iron(II) is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide to iron(III), forming a hydroxyl radical and a hydroxide ion in the process. This is the Fenton reaction. Iron(III) is then reduced back to iron(II) by another molecule of hydrogen peroxide, forming a hydroperoxyl radical and a proton.
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Calcium chloride was apparently discovered in the 15th century but wasn't studied properly until the 18th century. [11] It was historically called "fixed sal ammoniac" (Latin: sal ammoniacum fixum [12]) because it was synthesized during the distillation of ammonium chloride with lime and was nonvolatile (while the former appeared to sublime); in more modern times (18th-19th cc.) it was called ...
NH 4 Cl + NaOH → NH 3 + NaCl + H 2 O. Similarly, ammonium chloride also reacts with alkali-metal carbonates at elevated temperatures, giving ammonia and alkali-metal chloride: 2 NH 4 Cl + Na 2 CO 3 → 2 NaCl + CO 2 + H 2 O + 2 NH 3. A solution of 5% by mass of ammonium chloride in water has a pH in the range 4.6 to 6.0. [12]
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Chlorine perchlorate is a chemical compound with the formula Cl 2 O 4. This chlorine oxide is an asymmetric oxide, with one chlorine atom in +1 oxidation state and the other +7, with proper formula ClOClO 3. It is produced by the photodimerization of chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) at room temperature by 436 nm ultraviolet light: [2] [3] [4] 2ClO 2 ...