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The International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) is a detailed hierarchical classification of all headache-related disorders published by the International Headache Society. [1]
A headache, also known as cephalalgia, is the symptom of pain in the face, head, or neck.It can occur as a migraine, tension-type headache, or cluster headache. [1] [2] There is an increased risk of depression in those with severe headaches.
Migraine (UK: / ˈ m iː ɡ r eɪ n /, US: / ˈ m aɪ-/) [1] [2] is a genetically-influenced complex neurological disorder characterized by episodes of moderate-to-severe headache, most often unilateral and generally associated with nausea and light and sound sensitivity.
A vascular headache is an outdated term to describe certain types of headache which were thought to be related to blood vessel swelling and hyperemia as cause of pain. [citation needed]
Sexual headache is a type of headache that occurs in the skull and neck during sexual activity, including masturbation or orgasm.These headaches are usually benign, but occasionally are caused by intracranial hemorrhage and cerebral infarction, especially if the pain is sudden and severe. [1]
Cervicogenic headache is a type of headache characterized by chronic hemicranial pain referred to the head from either the cervical spine or soft tissues within the neck. [1] [2] The main symptoms of cervicogenic headaches include pain originating in the neck that can travel to the head or face, headaches that get worse with neck movement, and limited ability to move the neck.
Altitude sickness, the mildest form being acute mountain sickness (AMS), is a harmful effect of high altitude, caused by rapid exposure to low amounts of oxygen at high elevation.
Neuropathic pain is pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. [2] [3] Neuropathic pain may be associated with abnormal sensations called dysesthesia or pain from normally non-painful stimuli ().