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Ziconotide. Ziconotide, sold under the brand name Prialt, also called intrathecal ziconotide (ITZ) because of its administration route, is an atypical analgesic agent for the amelioration of severe and chronic pain. Derived from Conus magus, a cone snail, it is the synthetic form of an ω- conotoxin peptide. [2]
Venoms in medicine. Venom in medicine is the medicinal use of venoms for therapeutic benefit in treating diseases. Venom is any poisonous compound secreted by an animal intended to harm or disable another. When an organism produces a venom, its final form may contain hundreds of different bioactive elements that interact with each other ...
Cone snail. Cone snails, or cones, are highly venomous sea snails of the family Conidae. [1] Fossils of cone snails have been found from the Eocene to the Holocene epochs. [2] Cone snail species have shells that are roughly conical in shape. Many species have colorful patterning on the shell surface. [3] Cone snails are almost exclusively ...
structure summary. A conotoxin is one of a group of neurotoxic peptides isolated from the venom of the marine cone snail, genus Conus. Conotoxins, which are peptides consisting of 10 to 30 amino acid residues, typically have one or more disulfide bonds. Conotoxins have a variety of mechanisms of actions, most of which have not been determined.
Gastridium geographus (Linnaeus, 1758 ) Conus geographus, popularly called the geography cone or the geographer cone, is a species of predatory cone snail. It lives in reefs of the tropical Indo-Pacific, and hunts small fish. While all cone snails hunt and kill prey using venom, the venom of Conus geographus is potent enough to kill humans.
Cone snail venom apparatus. There are approximately 30 records of humans killed by cone snails. Human victims suffer little pain, because the venom contains an analgesic component. Some species reportedly can kill a human in under five minutes, thus the name "cigarette snail" as supposedly one only has time to smoke a cigarette before dying.
Conus purus venom is a complicated mixture of substances that blocks various neuromuscular pathways, ultimately resulting in paralysis. [4] It is estimated that the number of bioactive chemicals in each snail's venom is over 100,000. The development of a potent antitoxin has been hampered by the venom's intricacy and the several target routes.
Conus textile, the textile cone or the cloth of gold cone [3] is a venomous species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails, cone shells or cones. Textile cone snails live mostly in the Indian Ocean, along the eastern coast of Africa and around Australia. [4] Like all species within the genus Conus, these ...