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Jaundice. Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to high bilirubin levels. [3][6] Jaundice in adults is typically a sign indicating the presence of underlying diseases involving abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction, or biliary-tract obstruction. [7]
Neonatal jaundice. Neonatal jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby due to high bilirubin levels. [1] Other symptoms may include excess sleepiness or poor feeding. [1] Complications may include seizures, cerebral palsy, or kernicterus. [1]
Neonatal cholestasis can present in newborn infants within the first few months of life. [1] The incidence of neonatal cholestasis is approximately 1 in 2,500 term births. [5] While neonatal cholestasis can present from a number of pathologic causes, 35-40% of neonatal cholestasis cases are caused by biliary atresia. [3]
Jaundice is the yellow discoloration seen in the skin and eyes. The yellow discoloration is from a pigment called bilirubin that can be measured in blood. Bilirubin is derived from the oxygen ...
Specialty. Gastroenterology. Cholestasis is a condition where the flow of bile from the liver to the duodenum is impaired. [1] The two basic distinctions are: [1] obstructive type of cholestasis, where there is a mechanical blockage in the duct system that can occur from a gallstone or malignancy, and.
Surgery, liver transplantation. Frequency. 1 in 5,000 (East Asia), 1 in 10,000-15,000 (US) Biliary atresia, also known as extrahepatic ductopenia and progressive obliterative cholangiopathy, is a childhood disease of the liver in which one or more bile ducts are abnormally narrow, blocked, or absent. It can be congenital or acquired.
In infants, choledochal cysts usually lead to obstruction of the bile ducts and retention of bile. This leads to jaundice and an enlarged liver . If the obstruction is not relieved, permanent damage may occur to the liver - scarring and cirrhosis - with the signs of portal hypertension (obstruction to the flow of blood through the liver) and ...
Hyperbilirubinemia in adults. Hyperbilirubinemia is a clinical condition describing an elevation of blood bilirubin level due to the inability to properly metabolise or excrete bilirubin, a product of erythrocytes breakdown. In severe cases, it is manifested as jaundice, the yellowing of tissues like skin and the sclera when excess bilirubin ...