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A door closer is a mechanical device that regulates the speed and action of a door’s swing. [1] Manual closers store the force used to open the door in some type of spring and reuse it to close the door. Automatic types use electricity to regulate door swing behavior. Door closers can be linked to a building's fire and security alarm systems. [2]
Numerous devices exist to serve specific purposes related to how a door should (or should not) be used. See: Door chain - A device to secure door opening; Door closer – Mechanical or electromagnetic device to close an open door (in the event of a fire) [3] Door opener - Automatic door opening device activated by motion sensors or pressure pads
A smart lock is an electromechanical lock that is designed to perform locking and unlocking operations on a door when it receives a prompt via an electronic keypad, biometric sensor, access card, Bluetooth, or Wi-FI from a registered mobile device. These locks are called smart locks because they use advanced technology and Internet ...
The door holders release, allowing the doors to close automatically using door closers. [1] [2] The electric power to keep the doors open is typically 12 VDC, 24 VDC (common), 24 VAC, 120 VAC, or 240 VAC. The closed doors may or may not mechanically latch or lock in the closed position.
In 1954, Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt invented the first sliding automatic door. The automatic door used a mat actuator. In 1960, they co-founded Horton Automatics Inc and placed the first commercial automatic sliding door on the market. [5] With the invention of the Gunn diode, microwave motion detectors became common in automatic doors in the 1970s.
Historically, such locks were intended for use at night-time, hence the name. [5] The keyless egress that they offer is a valuable fire safety measure, but may be a security risk if breaking a glass panel (usually in the door) or a nearby small window allows an intruder to reach the knob inside and open the door from the outside.