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The origins of Nazism in Austria have been disputed and continue to be debated. [7] Professor Andrew Gladding Whiteside regarded the emergence of an Austrian variant of Nazism as the product of the German-Czech conflict of the multi-ethnic Austrian Empire and rejected the view that it was a precursor of German Nazism.
Austrian Nazism or Austrian National Socialism was a pan-German movement that was formed at the beginning of the 20th century. The movement took a concrete form on 15 November 1903 when the German Worker's Party (DAP) was established in Austria with its secretariat stationed in the town of Aussig (now Ústí nad Labem in the Czech Republic).
The Austrofascism of Austria between 1934 and 1938 focused on the history of Austria and opposed the absorption of Austria into Nazi Germany (according to the philosophy Austrians were "superior Germans"). Schuschnigg called Austria the "better German state" but struggled to keep Austria independent.
A sham referendum on the Anschluss with Germany was held in German-occupied Austria on 10 April 1938, [1] alongside one in Germany. [2] German troops had already occupied Austria one month earlier, on 12 March 1938. The official result was reported as 99.73% in favour, [3] with a 99.71% turnout. [4]
The directive declared that Austria was Hitler's first victim and that the Red Army had entered the country to liberate it and annihilate the German Army. For years, it said, propaganda in Nazi Germany terrorized Austrians with atrocities committed by Soviet soldiers. The directive called Nazi propaganda a lie and called on the military not to ...
Engelbert Dollfuss accepted that most Austrians were German and Austrian, but wanted Austria to remain independent from Germany. In 1938, Austrian-born Adolf Hitler annexed Austria to Germany, which was supported by a large majority of Austrians. [1] After the German defeat in World War II, the German identity in Austria was weakened.
At the time of Anschluss with Nazi Germany in 1938, the Jewish population of Austria was approximately 192,000, [3] mostly in Vienna. Austria had a powerful legacy of Anti-Semitism [4] which found its full expression in Adolf Hitler. In 1895, the Austrian anti-Semite Karl Luger won the majority of the seats in the Vienna municipality and was ...
The German Confederation was also led by Austria from 1815 to 1866. In 1866 Austria was firstly separated from Germany and German Confederation was dissolved. In 1867, the multi-ethnic Austro-Hungarian Empire was established and led by Austria; it was rivaled by the North German Confederation from 1866 to 1871 and German Empire led by the Kingdom of Prussia rivaled Austria.