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In physics, absorption cross-section is a measure of the probability of an absorption process. More generally, the term cross-section is used in physics to quantify the probability of a certain particle-particle interaction, e.g., scattering , electromagnetic absorption , etc. (Note that light in this context is described as consisting of ...
Klein–Nishina distribution of scattering-angle cross sections over a range of commonly encountered energies. Electron-photon scattering cross section In particle physics , the Klein–Nishina formula gives the differential cross section (i.e. the "likelihood" and angular distribution) of photons scattered from a single free electron ...
The dominant physical process in x-ray absorption is one where the absorbed photon ejects a core photoelectron from the absorbing atom, leaving behind a core hole. [1] The ejected photoelectron's energy will be equal to that of the absorbed photon minus the binding energy of the initial core state. The atom with the core hole is now excited and ...
Three-photon excited fluorescence was first observed by Singh and Bradley in 1964 when they estimated the three-photon absorption cross section of naphthalene crystals. [5] In 1996, Stefan W. Hell designed experiments to validate the feasibility of applying three-photon excitation to scanning fluorescence microscopy, which further proved the ...
A Feynman diagram (box diagram) for photon–photon scattering: one photon scatters from the transient vacuum charge fluctuations of the other. Two-photon physics, also called gamma–gamma physics, is a branch of particle physics that describes the interactions between two photons. Normally, beams of light pass through each other unperturbed.
In physics, the cross section is a measure of the probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles. For example, the Rutherford cross-section is a measure of probability that an alpha particle will be deflected by a given angle during an interaction with an atomic nucleus.
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a widely used technique for determining the local geometric and/or electronic structure of matter. [1] The experiment is usually performed at synchrotron radiation facilities, which provide intense and tunable X-ray beams. Samples can be in the gas phase, solutions, or solids. [2]
This cross section depends on the energy of the photon (proportional to its wavenumber) and the species being considered i.e. it depends on the structure of the molecular species. In the case of molecules, the photoionization cross-section can be estimated by examination of Franck-Condon factors between a ground-state molecule and the target ion.