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The Battle of Verdun (French: Bataille de Verdun [bataj də vɛʁdœ̃]; German: Schlacht um Verdun [ʃlaxt ʔʊm ˈvɛɐ̯dœ̃]) was fought from 21 February to 18 December 1916 on the Western Front in France. The battle was the longest of the First World War and took place on the hills north of Verdun.
Aerial photograph of Fort Douaumont towards the end of 1916. Verdun was the site of a major battle, the longest-lasting of the First World War. [14] One of the costliest battles in military history, Verdun exemplified the policy of a war of attrition pursued by both sides, which led to an enormous loss of life and very long casualty lists. [15]
The Battle of Liège was the first battle of the war, and could be considered a moral victory for the allies, as the heavily outnumbered Belgians held out against the German Army for 12 days. From 5 to 16 August 1914, the Belgians successfully resisted the numerically superior Germans, and inflicted surprisingly heavy losses on their aggressors.
The battle involved over 400 tanks and 120,000 British, Dominion, and French troops, and by the end of its first day a gap 24 kilometres (15 mi) long had been created in the German lines. The defenders displayed a marked collapse in morale, causing Ludendorff to refer to this day as the "Black Day of the German army".
"Timeline: Australia in the First World War, 1914-1918". Australian War Memorial. "World War I: Declarations of War from around the Globe". Law Library of Congress. "Timeline of the First World War on 1914-1918-Online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War". 1914-1918-Online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War.
How America Won World War I. Rowman & Littlefield. Baker, Kevin (June 2006). "Stabbed in the Back! The past and future of a right-wing myth". Harper's Magazine. Breck, Edward (1922). The United States naval railway batteries in France. Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Records and Library. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
The American Army and the First World War (2014). 484 pp. online review; Woodward, David R. Trial by Friendship: Anglo-American Relations, 1917-1918 (1993) online; Young, Ernest William. The Wilson Administration and the Great War (1922) online edition; Zieger, Robert H. America's Great War: World War I and the American Experience (2000)
Pétain was admitted to the Saint-Cyr Military Academy in 1876 and pursued a career in the military, achieving the rank of colonel by the outbreak of World War I. He led the French Army to victory at the nine-month-long Battle of Verdun, for which he was called "the Lion of Verdun" (French: le lion de Verdun).