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Level sensors detect the level of liquids and other fluids and fluidized solids, including slurries, granular materials, and powders that exhibit an upper free surface. Substances that flow become essentially horizontal in their containers (or other physical boundaries) because of gravity whereas most bulk solids pile at an angle of repose to a ...
Radar is a system that uses radio waves to determine the distance (), direction (azimuth and elevation angles), and radial velocity of objects relative to the site. It is a radiodetermination method [1] used to detect and track aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, map weather formations, and terrain.
Ashwini LLTR - Mobile 4D AESA radar for Low level air targets up to ranges of 200 km. INDRA series of 2D Pulse-doppler medium range airspace surveillance radars; Rajendra 3D medium range PESA fire control radar for Akash SAM. Central Acquisition Radar (3D-CAR) PESA tracking radar for battlefield surveillance as part of the Akash SAM system.
A simple calculation reveals that a radar echo will take approximately 10.8 μs to return from a target 1 statute mile away (counting from the leading edge of the transmitter pulse (T 0), (sometimes known as transmitter main bang)). For convenience, these figures may also be expressed as 1 nautical mile in 12.4 μs or 1 kilometre in 6.7 μs.
The radar receive antenna is located far from the radar transmit antenna in bistatic radar. The transmitter is fairly expensive, while the receiver is fairly inexpensive and disposable. This is typically used with semi-active radar homing including most surface-to-air missile systems. The transmit radar is typically located near the missile ...
The frequency of radio waves used by most radars, in the form of microwaves, travel in straight lines.This generally limits the detection range of radar systems to objects on their horizon (generally referred to as "line of sight" since the aircraft must be at least theoretically visible to a person at the location and elevation of the radar transmitter) due to the curvature of the Earth.
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