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African trypanosomiasis is an insect-borne parasitic infection of humans and other animals. [ 3 ] Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as African sleeping sickness or simply sleeping sickness , is caused by the species Trypanosoma brucei . [ 3 ]
Trypanosomiasis or trypanosomosis is the name of several diseases in vertebrates caused by parasitic protozoan trypanosomes of the genus Trypanosoma. In humans this includes African trypanosomiasis and Chagas disease .
Trypanosoma brucei is a species of parasitic kinetoplastid belonging to the genus Trypanosoma that is present in sub-Saharan Africa.Unlike other protozoan parasites that normally infect blood and tissue cells, it is exclusively extracellular and inhabits the blood plasma and body fluids. [1]
Trypanosoma is a genus of kinetoplastids (class Trypanosomatidae [1]), a monophyletic [2] group of unicellular parasitic flagellate protozoa.Trypanosoma is part of the phylum Euglenozoa. [3]
The three major human diseases caused by trypanosomatids are; African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by tsetse flies [3]), South American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease, caused by T. cruzi and transmitted by triatomine bugs), and leishmaniasis (a set of trypanosomal diseases caused by various species of Leishmania transmitted by sandflies [4]).
Scabies (also sometimes known as the seven-year itch) is a contagious human skin infestation by the tiny (0.2–0.45 mm) mite Sarcoptes scabiei, variety hominis. The word is from Latin: scabere, lit. 'to scratch'. The most common symptoms are severe itchiness and a pimple -like rash. Occasionally, tiny burrows may appear on the skin. In a first-ever infection, the infected person usually ...
Trypanosomiasis poses a considerable constraint on livestock agricultural development in tsetse fly-infested areas of sub-Saharan Africa, especially in West and Central Africa. International research conducted by ILRI in Nigeria , the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Kenya has shown that the N'Dama is the most resistant breed.
Glossina longipalpis is one of the 23 recognized species of tsetse flies (genus Glossina), and it belongs to the savannah/morsitans group (subgenus Glossina s.s.). Glossina longipalpis can transmit African trypanosomiasis among livestock and wildlife, [1] whilst it does not presently seem to play a role in the transmission of the human form of the disease.