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Fluxes may have more than one function at a time. They are used in both extractive metallurgy and metal joining. Some of the earliest known fluxes were sodium carbonate, potash, charcoal, coke, borax, [1] lime, [2] lead sulfide [3] and certain minerals containing phosphorus. Iron ore was also used as a flux in the smelting of copper.
The word flux comes from Latin: fluxus means "flow", and fluere is "to flow". [2] As fluxion, this term was introduced into differential calculus by Isaac Newton.. The concept of heat flux was a key contribution of Joseph Fourier, in the analysis of heat transfer phenomena. [3]
In general, flux in biology relates to movement of a substance between compartments. There are several cases where the concept of flux is important. The movement of molecules across a membrane: in this case, flux is defined by the rate of diffusion or transport of a substance across a permeable membrane.
The reason is that these steps are part of a control system that stabilizes fluxes, hence a perturbation in the activity of a regulated step will inevitably trigger the control system to resist the perturbation, hence the flux control coefficients will tend to be small.
The rate of organic carbon burial was derived from estimated fluxes of volcanic and hydrothermal carbon. [4] [5] Oxygen cycle refers to the movement of oxygen through the atmosphere (air), biosphere (plants and animals) and the lithosphere (the Earth’s crust). The oxygen cycle demonstrates how free oxygen is made available in each of these ...
Neutron flux in asymptotic giant branch stars and in supernovae is responsible for most of the natural nucleosynthesis producing elements heavier than iron.In stars there is a relatively low neutron flux on the order of 10 5 to 10 11 cm −2 s −1, resulting in nucleosynthesis by the s-process (slow neutron-capture process).
In igneous petrology and volcanology, flux melting occurs when water and other volatile components are introduced to hot solid rock, depressing the solidus.In engineering and metallurgy, flux is a substance, such as salt, that produces a low melting point mixture with a metal oxide.
An NMT H + flux profile of Arabidopsis root across several zones. This example shows strong H + influx closer to the root tip, and slight H + efflux further from the tip.. Non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) is a scientific research technology used for measuring physiological events of intact biological samples.