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A cation can be a conjugate acid, and an anion can be a conjugate base, depending on which substance is involved and which acid–base theory is used. The simplest anion which can be a conjugate base is the free electron in a solution whose conjugate acid is the atomic hydrogen.
Formate (IUPAC name: methanoate) is the conjugate base of formic acid. Formate is an anion ( HCO − 2 ) or its derivatives such as ester of formic acid . The salts and esters are generally colorless.
An acetate is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with a base (e.g. alkaline, earthy, metallic, nonmetallic or radical base). "Acetate" also describes the conjugate base or ion (specifically, the negatively charged ion called an anion) typically found in aqueous solution and written with the chemical formula C 2 H 3 O − 2.
An acid–base reaction is, thus, the removal of a hydrogen ion from the acid and its addition to the base. [21] The removal of a hydrogen ion from an acid produces its conjugate base, which is the acid with a hydrogen ion removed. The reception of a proton by a base produces its conjugate acid, which is the base with a hydrogen ion added.
Bisulfide (or bisulphide in British English) is an inorganic anion with the chemical formula HS ... Its conjugate acid is hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S). However, ...
For example, acetic acid is a weak acid which has a = 1.75 x 10 −5. Its conjugate base is the acetate ion with K b = 10 −14 /K a = 5.7 x 10 −10 (from the relationship K a × K b = 10 −14), which certainly does not correspond to a strong base. The conjugate of a weak acid is often a weak base and vice versa.
E1cB rev is when the first step is reversible but the formation of product is slower than reforming the starting material, this again results from a slow second step (k −1 [conjugate acid] ≫ k 2). E1cB irr is when the first step is slow, but once the anion is formed the product quickly follows (k 2 ≫ k −1 [conjugate acid]).
The acid, HA, is a proton donor which can lose a proton to become its conjugate base, A −. The base, B, is a proton acceptor which can become its conjugate acid, HB +. Most acid–base reactions are fast, so the substances in the reaction are usually in dynamic equilibrium with each other. [8]