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Sulfonamide is a functional group (a part of a molecule) that is the basis of several groups of drugs, which are called sulphonamides, sulfa drugs or sulpha drugs. The original antibacterial sulfonamides are synthetic antimicrobial agents that contain the sulfonamide group.
Sulfapyridine is no longer prescribed for treatment of infections in humans. However, it may be used to treat linear IgA disease and has use in veterinary medicine. [1] It is a good antibacterial drug, but its water solubility is very pH dependent.
Use of sulfasalazine is contraindicated in people with sulfa allergies and in those with urinary tract obstructions, intestinal obstructions, and severe liver or kidney problems. [4] Sulfasalazine metabolizes to sulfapyridine. Serum levels should be monitored every three months, and more frequently at the outset.
Sulfanilamide is a yellowish-white or white crystal or fine powder. It has a density of 1.08 g/cm 3 and a melting point of 164.5-166.5 °C. The pH of a 0.5% aqueous solution of Sulfanilamide is 5.8 to 6.1. It has a λ max of 255 and 312 nm. [5] Solubility: One gram of sulphanilamide dissolves in approximately 37 ml alcohol or in 5 ml acetone.
Tentative evidence has found other antibiotics to be more effective, and therefore it is no longer generally recommended for second-degree (partial-thickness) burns, but is still widely used to protect third-degree (full-thickness) burns. [2] [3] Common side effects include itching and pain at the site of use. [4]
Sulfadiazine is available in multiple generic tablets of 500 mg. For urinary tract infections, the usual dose is 4 to 6 grams daily in 3 to 6 divided doses. [4] Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headache, fever, rash, depression, and pancreatitis. [1]
Sulfamethoxazole is metabolized in the human liver to at least 5 metabolites. These metabolites are the N4-acetyl-, N4-hydroxy-, 5-methylhydroxy-, N4-acetyl-5-methylhydroxy-sulfamethoxazole metabolites, and an N-glucuronide conjugate. The CYP2C9 enzyme is responsible for the formation of the N4-hydroxy metabolite. In vitro studies suggest ...
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... sold under the trade names Bactrim, ... Co-trimoxazole is the recommended standard treatment for whipple's ...