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Air-drying timber stack. Wood drying (also seasoning lumber or wood seasoning) reduces the moisture content of wood before its use. When the drying is done in a kiln, the product is known as kiln-dried timber or lumber, whereas air drying is the more traditional method.
This is most often done using a kiln, but may use the air drying method, which is much slower. In most parts of the United States, the minimum moisture content that can be generally obtained in air drying is about 12 to 15 percent. Most air-dried material is usually closer to 20 percent moisture content when used. [1]
A 2011 discovery in the Canadian province of New Brunswick yielded the earliest known plants to have grown wood, approximately 395 to 400 million years ago. [5] [6]Wood can be dated by carbon dating and in some species by dendrochronology to determine when a wooden object was created.
Global Wood Density Database; National Hardwood and Lumber Association; American Hardwood Information Center; American Hardwood Export Council; Australian National Association of Forest Industries
Some pundits and skeptics have serious doubts about the S&P 500’s ability to pull off the hattrick of 20% return years. Wells Fargo (NYSE:WFC) senior market strategist Scott Wren thinks that ...
The final stage is a fruiting body which pumps new spores out into the surrounding air. In other fields, the term has been applied to the decay of crop plants by fungi. In health and safety , the term is used to describe the deterioration of rubber , for example the cracking of rubber hoses.
Many factors can contribute to wood warp susceptibility: wood species, grain orientation, air flow, sunlight, uneven finishing, temperature, and cutting season. Wood slabs can also become warped as a result of insufficient support from underlying shelf hardware (commonly referred to as sagging or bowing).
Lakawood, or laka wood (Malay: kayu laka), is a reddish aromatic heartwood used as incense in China, India and South East Asia. [1] It also had a number of other uses in the past, for example as a dye and for medicinal purposes.