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L-α-Glycerophosphorylcholine (alpha-GPC, choline alfoscerate, sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a natural choline compound found in the brain. It is also a parasympathomimetic acetylcholine precursor [ 1 ] which has been investigated for its potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease [ 2 ] and other dementias .
In the United States, asfotase alfa is indicated for the treatment of people with perinatal/infantile- and juvenile-onset hypophosphatasia (HPP). [5]In the European Union, asfotase alfa is indicated for long-term enzyme replacement therapy in people with paediatric-onset hypophosphatasia to treat the bone manifestations of the disease.
The medicine is used to treat the symptoms of common colds, the flu, and allergies and is not meant to cure the cold or flu. There are many side effects that may occur when using this medicine. These side effects can include nausea, dizziness, and an upset stomach. [4]
Alfacalcidol (or 1-hydroxycholecalciferol) is an analogue of vitamin D used for supplementation in humans and as a poultry feed additive.. Alfacalcidol has a weaker impact on calcium metabolism [3] and parathyroid hormone levels [4] than calcitriol; but significant effects on the immune system, including regulatory T cells. [5]
Alpha-adrenergic agonists are a class of sympathomimetic agents that selectively stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors. The alpha-adrenergic receptor has two subclasses α 1 and α 2. Alpha 2 receptors are associated with sympatholytic properties. Alpha-adrenergic agonists have the opposite function of alpha blockers.
Sympathomimetic effects and cardiovascular risks of pseudoephedrine may also be increased with digitalis glycosides, tricyclic antidepressants, appetite suppressants, and inhalational anesthetics. [1] Likewise, greater sympathomimetic effects of pseudoephedrine may occur when it is combined with other sympathomimetic agents. [18]
Onset of effects is around 5 hours and they last about a day. [1] Common side effects include sleepiness. [1] More severe side effects include red blood cell breakdown, liver problems, and allergic reactions. [1] Methyldopa is in the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist family of medication.
On September 5, 2019, the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) announced that 10 out of 18, or 56% of the samples of vape liquids sent in by states, linked to the recent vaping-related lung disease outbreak in the United States, tested positive for vitamin E acetate [14] which had been used as a thickening agent by illicit THC vape cartridge manufacturers. [15]