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Along with Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Malbec, and Petit Verdot, Merlot is one of the primary grapes used in Bordeaux wine, and it is the most widely planted grape in the Bordeaux wine regions. Merlot is also one of the most popular red wine varietals in many markets. [2]
The Malbec grape is a thin-skinned grape and needs more sun and heat than either Cabernet Sauvignon or Merlot to mature. [5] It ripens mid-season and can bring very deep color, ample tannin, and a particular plum-like flavor component which adds complexity to claret blends.
Within the European Union, the term "wine" and its equivalents in other languages is reserved exclusively for the fermented juice of grapes. [4]In the United States, the term is also used for the fermented juice of any fruit [5] or agricultural product, provided that it has an alcohol content of 7 to 24% (alcohol by volume) and is intended for non-industrial use. [6]
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Both red and white Bordeaux wines are almost invariably blended. The permissible grape varieties in red Bordeaux are: Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Malbec and Petit Verdot. While wine making styles vary, a rule of thumb is that the Left Bank is predominantly Cabernet Sauvignon based with the Right Bank being more Merlot based.
Along with Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Malbec and Petit Verdot, Carménère is considered one of the original six red grapes of Bordeaux. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Now rarely found in France, the world's largest area planted with this variety is in Chile , with more than 8,800 hectares (2009) cultivated in the Central Valley . [ 6 ]
Moreover, Bordeaux Supérieur wines must be aged for at least nine months before they can be sold. [citation needed] Just like regular Bordeaux these are blends, with the reds being predominantly Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot with smaller amounts of Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot, Malbec and even some Carmenere, such as at Château Damase.
Pessac-Léognan received appellation status in 1987, and produces both red and white wines. [5] All of the estates named in the 1959 Graves classification are located in this appellation. [1] Cabernet Sauvignon is the dominant grape variety, followed by Merlot and the white wine grapes Sauvignon blanc and Sémillon.