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Prince Arthur with the Chiefs of the Six Nations at the Mohawk Chapel, Brantford, 1869. The association between Indigenous peoples in Canada and the Canadian Crown is both statutory and traditional, the treaties being seen by the first peoples both as legal contracts and as perpetual and personal promises by successive reigning kings and queens to protect the welfare of Indigenous peoples ...
Old Crow Flats and Bluefish Caves are some of the earliest known sites of human habitation in Canada. The characteristics of Indigenous cultures in Canada prior to European colonization included permanent settlements, [8] agriculture, [9] civic and ceremonial architecture, [10] complex societal hierarchies, and trading networks. [11]
However, some sources, instead, put this date at 1535, when the word Canada was first used to refer to the French colony of Canada, [21] which was founded in the name of King Francis I. [22] [23] Monarchical governance subsequently evolved under a continuous succession of French, British, and eventually uniquely Canadian sovereigns. [28]
Immediately following a formal meeting of the King's Privy Council for Canada, the new king was proclaimed on 10 September in a ceremony at Rideau Hall. [592] [593] On 4 May 2023, the King held audience with Simon and Indigenous leaders, who also attended his coronation two days later. [594]
Royal Proclamation of 1763. The Royal Proclamation of 1763, issued by King George III, is considered one of the most important treaties in Canada between Europeans and Indigenous peoples, establishing the relationship between Indigenous peoples and the Crown, which recognized Indigenous peoples rights, as well as defining the treaty making process, which is still used in Canada today. [7]
Indigenous people comprise about 5% of Canada’s nearly 40 million people, with the biggest populations residing in the north: Nunavut, Yukon and the Northwest Territories.
European and British missionaries of the 1800s and 1900s banned the traditional practice, along with other cultural traditions. [ 3 ] [ 2 ] [ 4 ] Starting in the 2010s, some indigenous girls and women began to reclaim the tradition.
Indigenous Peoples’ Day — a holiday that came about as an alternative to Columbus Day — is a chance to reflect on how the US has treated Indigenous people and fight for a better future.