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Effect of acid rain on statues Acid rain and weathering. Acid rain can damage buildings, historic monuments, and statues, especially those made of rocks, such as limestone and marble, that contain large amounts of calcium carbonate. Acids in the rain react with the calcium compounds in the stones to create gypsum, which then flakes off.
Diagram depicting the sources and cycles of acid rain precipitation. Freshwater acidification occurs when acidic inputs enter a body of fresh water through the weathering of rocks, invasion of acidifying gas (e.g. carbon dioxide), or by the reduction of acid anions, like sulfate and nitrate within a lake, pond, or reservoir. [1]
Turów Power Station, a thermal power station in Bogatynia, Poland Effects of acid rain in the Jizera Mountains in 2006. The Black Triangle (German: Schwarzes Dreieck, Lower Sorbian: Carny tsirozk, Upper Sorbian: Čorny trirózk) is the border region between Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic, long characterized by extremely high levels of pollution.
Weathering effect of acid rain on statues Weathering effect on a sandstone statue in Dresden, Germany Physical weathering of the pavements of Azad University Science and Research Branch, which is located in the heights of Tehran , the capital of Iran
Two major causes of acid rain are sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. [7] Acid rain can cause damage to soil, water, wildlife, plants and buildings. Additionally, the airborne particles that cause acid rain can also contribute to smog. [7] In recent years progress has been made in reducing acid rain, however, Alberta's oil sands may soon set ...
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The effects are more pronounced above the tidal zone than where the concrete is permanently submerged. In the submerged zone, magnesium and hydrogen carbonate ions precipitate a layer of brucite ( magnesium hydroxide : Mg(OH) 2 ), about 30 micrometers thick, on which a slower deposition of calcium carbonate as aragonite occurs.
The Public Health Act was passed in 1875, which legislated not just for the health effects of air pollution but also the visual effects. Greater scientific efforts to measure air pollution played an increasing part in drawing attention to the problem. Robert Angus Smith made the first measurements of acid rain from rain samples in 1852. [29]