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Kallima inachus, the orange oakleaf, Indian oakleaf or dead leaf, is a nymphalid butterfly found in Tropical Asia from India to Japan. With wings closed, it closely resembles a dry leaf with dark veins and is a commonly cited example of camouflage .
The species is a leaf-mimic katydid; when it is in repose its camouflage resembles a diseased or dead leaf. The katydid owes both its common name and its specific epithet (ocellata, meaning "marked with little eyes") to its startle display, in which it shows false eye spots on its normally hidden hind wings.
Kallima, known as the oakleaf or oak leaf butterflies, is a genus of butterflies of the subfamily Nymphalinae in the family Nymphalidae. They are found in east , south and southeast Asia . Their common name is a reference to the lower surface of their wings, which is various shades of brown like a dead leaf.
A 1902 illustration of two specimens of Kallima paralekta shows one with wings folded and almost indistinguishable from the dead leaves, and one with wings outstretched showing brilliant colors. The tips of the forewings are pointed, while the tips of the hindwings extend into a short narrow tail, resembling leaf petioles .
The ERDL pattern, also known as the Leaf pattern, [2] is a camouflage pattern developed by the United States Army at its Engineer Research & Development Laboratories (ERDL) in 1948. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It was not used until the Vietnam War , when it was issued to elite reconnaissance and special operations units beginning early 1967.
Snout butterflies have prominent elongated mouthparts (labial palpi) which, in concert with the antennae, give the appearance of the petiole (stem) of a dead leaf. Snouts often take advantage of this superb camouflage by hanging upside down under a twig, making them nearly invisible. Wings are patterned black-brown with white and orange markings.