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Roman concrete, also called opus caementicium, was used in construction in ancient Rome. Like its modern equivalent , Roman concrete was based on a hydraulic-setting cement added to an aggregate . Many buildings and structures still standing today, such as bridges, reservoirs and aqueducts, were built with this material, which attests to both ...
Opus signinum ('cocciopesto' in modern Italian) is a building material used in ancient Rome. It is a form of Roman concrete ( opus caementicium ), the main difference being the addition of small pieces of broken pot, including amphorae , tiles or brick, instead of other aggregates. [ 1 ]
In general, the water flowed in an opus caementicium channel of variable outside dimensions (typically 0.6 m high by 1.3 m wide) and buried at a depth of about 1 m, with a 45 cm wide inside channel sealed with opus signinum and covered with stone slabs. Its average slope was 0.56 m/km.
Reticulate work developed in response to the advent of opus caementicium and its predecessor, opus incertum. [6]: 136–45 This was to accommodate both the new building material and the growing demands of urbanisation in Rome through the creation of opus reticulatum, a method more uniform and accessible to unskilled labourers.
Roman concrete, or opus caementicium, incorporated volcanic ash, making it incredibly durable. Structures like the Pantheon and aqueducts stand as testaments to its strength.
The Romans made extensive use of rubble masonry, calling it opus caementicium, because caementicium was the name given to the filling between the two revetments. The technique continued to be used over the centuries, as evidenced by the constructions of defensive walls and large works during medieval times.
The wall is of a type common to all Roman construction, consisting of an opus caementicium concrete core and mortar between two facing walls, [AA 6] adorned here with refined patterns between horizontal bands of flat bricks. The enclosure features a succession of brick bands and rubble of various colors, sourced from both reused materials and ...
During the Roman Empire, Roman concrete (or opus caementicium) was made from quicklime, pozzolana and an aggregate of pumice. [19] Its widespread use in many Roman structures, a key event in the history of architecture termed the Roman architectural revolution, freed Roman construction from the restrictions of stone and brick materials.